The spacer is installed on the split conductor to fix the distance between the split conductors, preventing the conductors from swinging, and suppressing wind vibration and cross vibration.
The main function of the spacer insulators used in split conductors of transmission lines is to restrict the relative movement between the sub-conductors and to maintain the geometric shape of the split conductors during normal operation.
For long-distance and high-capacity ultra-high voltage transmission lines, each phase conductor adopts two, four or more split conductors. Currently, 220KV and 330KV transmission lines use two-split conductors, 500KV transmission lines use three-split and four-split conductors, and ultra-high voltage transmission lines with voltages higher than 500KV use six-split and more-split conductors. To ensure that the spacing of the split conductor bundles remains unchanged to meet electrical performance, reduce surface potential gradients, and prevent electromagnetic forces from being generated between the conductor bundles in the event of a short circuit, causing mutual attraction and collision, or although causing instantaneous attraction and collision, the system can return to normal after the accident is eliminated, interval supports are installed at certain distances between phases in the span. The installation of interval supports can also have a certain inhibitory effect on the oscillation of the sub-span and the vibration caused by the wind.
According to the working characteristics, spacer bars can be generally classified into two types: damping type spacer bars and non-damping type spacer bars. The characteristics of damping type spacer bars are: at the movable joint of the spacer bar, rubber is used as the damping material to consume the vibration energy of the conductor, and it has a damping effect on the conductor vibration. Therefore, this type of spacer bar is applicable in all regions. However, considering the economic efficiency of the power transmission lines, this type of spacer bar is mainly used in the lines where the conductor is prone to vibration in certain regions. The damping performance of non-damping spacer bars is poor, and they can be used in lines where vibration is not likely to occur or as jumper spacer bars.
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